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The purpose of Practical Session 5 is to help you get familiar with Prolog's arithmetic capabilities, and to give you some further practice in list manipulation. To this end, we suggest the following programming exercises:
In the text we discussed the 3-place predicate accMax
which which returned the maximum of a list of integers. By changing the code slightly, turn this into a 3-place predicate accMin
which returns the minimum of a list of integers.
In mathematics, an n-dimensional vector is a list of numbers of length n. For example, [2,5,12]
is a 3-dimensional vector, and [45,27,3,-4,6]
is a 5-dimensional vector. One of the basic operations on vectors is scalar multiplication. In this operation, every element of a vector is multiplied by some number. For example, if we scalar multiply the 3-dimensional vector [2,7,4]
by 3
the result is the 3-dimensional vector [6,21,12]
. Write a 3-place predicate scalarMult
whose first argument is an integer, whose second argument is a list of integers, and whose third argument is the result of scalar multiplying the second argument by the first. For example, the query
scalarMult(3,[2,7,4],Result).
should yield
Result = [6,21,12]
Another fundamental operation on vectors is the dot product. This operation combines two vectors of the same dimension and yields a number as a result. The operation is carried out as follows: the corresponding elements of the two vectors are multiplied, and the results added. For example, the dot product of [2,5,6]
and [3,4,1]
is 6+20+6
, that is, 32
. Write a 3-place predicate dot
whose first argument is a list of integers, whose second argument is a list of integers of the same length as the first, and whose third argument is the dot product of the first argument with the second. For example, the query
dot([2,5,6],[3,4,1],Result).
should yield
Result = 32
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